This chapter details St. Thomas Aquinas’s framework for the “passions of the soul,” or emotions. Aquinas posits that passions are movements of the sensitive appetite, divided into the concupiscible (desiring simple good/evil) and the irascible (pursuing difficult good/evil). Morally neutral in themselves, passions become good when ordered by reason and will, contributing to virtuous action. This classical view is contrasted with modern psychology and neuroscience, which explore emotions through cognitive appraisal, brain structures like the amygdala, and the distinction between automated emotional responses and conscious feelings. The chapter concludes by introducing the concept of the “Hypnocracy”—a modern techno-economic system that exploits these passions, intentionally inflaming them through digital platforms to bypass reason for profit and control, posing a direct challenge to the classical ideal of an integrated human person.